Nov
1
to Nov 2

2024 USC-Meiji Exchange Program

The annual USC-Meiji Research Exchange will be held on November 1-3, 2024 at the University of Southern California. The Exchange provides an opportunity for researchers, students, and faculty at both institutions to share the latest research in Japan studies.

This year, scholars from both sides of the Pacific will be exploring intellectualism, religion, identity, and the power of case studies across the premodern and modern eras.

Since 2008, the Exchange has provided a valuable space for networking and exchange. USC scholars have used the Meiji University research library and attended seminars with the Interdisciplinary Classical Japanese Historical Studies Program, and Meiji scholars have presented their research at USC, used the collections, and attended university events.

Past presentation materials are hosted under the Meiji University-USC page.

Location: History Department, SOS 250


Schedule

Friday

10:00-12:00

Introductions

Prof. Lori Meeks: On the Origins of the "Blood Bowl Sutra"
『血盆経』成立史を考える

In Japan, the Blood Bowl Sutra was widely used in rituals aimed at accomplishing the postmortem salvation of women. In this talk I will address the development and spread of the text in China. We will examine Chinese narratives about Mulian saving his mother (and their many variants) and we will also consider how non-Buddhist traditions, including Daoism and Zoroastrianism, influenced this textual tradition and its related practices. 

日本では女性の救済儀礼に使用された『血盆経』は、中国で作成され広く流通した経典です。この経典は中国ではどのように理解されてきたのでしょうか。目蓮と彼の母に関する他の中国説話との関係や、仏教以外の宗教に伝わる類似の物語との比較から考察します。

Note: After Prof. Meeks’s presentation, many participants plan to attend the Shinso Ito Center’s film screening of “Carving the Divine”: https://calendar.usc.edu/event/carving-the-divine-film-screening-and-qa-with-director-yujiro-seki

Saturday

1:00-1:45
Dr. Emily Warren: The Tōji Archive and Medieval Temple Food Culture: The 1486 Banquet for Matsuda Kazuhide
『東寺百号文書』と中世寺院の食文化ー文明一八年の松田数秀の宴会について

The year is 1486. Kyoto is reeling from a civil war that has torn the city apart, and the great monastic institutions are determining how they will work together in the new political landscape. In order to celebrate a recent success with the struggling shogunal authorities, the monks of Tōji, a major temple, decide to hold a banquet to fete their allies, ordering edible gifts and fare to demonstrate gratitude. The documentary traces left by this banquet in Tōji’s archive provide a valuable glimpse of medieval temple food culture and the strength of Kyoto’s marketplace. This talk draws on documents from the Tōji Hyakugō Monjo collection to show how we can better understand medieval food culture through unexpected source collections.

『東寺百合文書』を通じて中世の寺院の食文化の姿と寺院の宴会を考察する。ケーススタディの文明十八年の宴会の背景としては、税金免除を得て、感謝を伝えるために宴会を催すことになり、その免除のために東寺と室町幕府の連絡係として奉行人の松田数秀が中心的な役割を果たした。このように、東寺は政治的・経済的な立場を維持するために食べ物と酒を使用していた。食べ物は、点心の素麺や饅頭などを京都の町で手に入れたが、元々はその食べ物のルートは中国から日本のお寺へ、そして日本の食文化に入ってきた。文明一八年の宴会では点心がメインとなり、戒律を守り、魚介や肉など使用されなかったのであるが、酒が飲まれ、中世の寺院の宴会でも酒が大な役割を果たした。さらに食物に関する『東寺百合文書』の史料の多様性を紹介する。『東寺百合文書』は、中世の寺院食文化の意義を表し、特に精進料理の現実と点心の重要性が見られる。

2:00-2:45
Prof. Ken’ichi Sasaki: “An Archaeological Investigation of a Kofun of the Kashima County, in the Old Province of Hitachi”
常陸国鹿島郡域における古墳の調査

This paper considers regional differences in Kofun cultures within the old province of Hitachi with a focus on the southern part of the province. Hitachi, Kazusa, and Shimōsa are distinguished from other old provinces because a provincial governor (kokushi) was assigned to a county rather than a province. In Hitachi, there were provincial governors assigned to, from northwest to southeast, the counties of Taka, Kuji, Naka, Baraki, Tsukuba, and Niihari. There was no provincial governor for Kashima county, however, probably because the chief priest of the Kashima Shrine there acted as the provincial governor. This was a marked difference from, for example, Shinano, where there was one provincial governor for the whole province. The distinction was a reflection of the attitude of the central polity in Yamato to various regions.

Since 2001, I have been investigating large keyhole-shaped and circular mounded tombs in Baraki county, where a provincial governmental compound and provincial temples were built in the eighth century (the Nara period). During this past summer, I started an archaeological investigation in Kashima county. I mapped a keyhole-shaped mounded tomb of some 40 meters in length and collected fragments of haniwa ceramic cylinders on the mound surface. Based on preliminary analysis of the fragments of haniwa ceramic cylinders, it is likely that this small keyhole-shaped mounded tomb was built in the third quarter of the sixth century, which is earlier than we had originally expected. Moreover, we collected a nearly complete fragment of the lid of a stone coffin—it was uncovered in the middle slope of the frontal portion of this tomb, which strengthens our interpretation of the tomb’s dating from the late sixth century. This is because seventh-century tombs in the region had coffins placed at the foot of the tomb rather than in the tomb itself. Since very few mounded tombs were built before the sixth century in Kashima county, this mounded tomb can be assumed to be a very early keyhole tomb in this area.

この発表では、常陸(現在の茨城県)の南部地域に焦点を当てて、常陸国内での古墳文化の地域的差異について議論する。常陸だけでなく、上総・下総(現在の千葉県)では1国に一人ではなく、各郡に一人、一国に複数の国司が置かれたことが知られている。常陸では北から、高国、久自国、仲国、茨城国、筑波国、新治国に分かれている。本発表の対象とする鹿島郡は国司が置かれず、神郡として鹿島神宮の宮司が国司の役割を担っていた。この状況は、国司ひとりが信濃全体を統括していた状況とは明確に区別される。これは、中央のヤマト王権の東山道諸国と東海道諸国への姿勢の違いと想定したい。

さて, 発表者は2001年以来、奈良時代に国府・国分寺がおかれた茨城郡内の大型前方後円墳・円墳を調査してきた。今年の夏は鹿島郡域の古墳を初めて調査する機会を得た。測量調査したその古墳は梶山5号墳として知られ、全長約40mの前方後円墳である。測量調査中、数多くの円筒埴輪の破片を採集することもできた。埴輪片の、特に突帯の特徴に基づき、6世紀第3四半期に築造された可能性が出てきた。これは当初の我々の予想以上に古いものである。さらに前方部中腹で石棺蓋の一部も発見した。常陸南部では特に7世紀になると石棺を墳丘裾に設置する習俗が流行するので、墳丘中腹で石棺を発見したことは、この古墳の築造年代が6世紀第3四半期まで遡るという解釈を補強する。鹿島郡域では、6世紀初頭以前の古墳は稀なので、梶山5号墳はこの地域では初期の古墳として重要である。

3:00-3:45
Guo Xufeng: Arishima Takeo’s Idea of “Instinct,” with Special Reference to Ni’yemon in Descendants of Cain
有島文学における「本能」の可能性――仁右衛門を対象に

Arishima Takeo discussed his theory of “instinct” in his Generous Love Takes Away 『惜みなく愛は奪ふ』(1920). It is considered the compilation of all his thoughts in a single work. In this presentation, I intend to consider what kind of role “instinct” plays in his novels, specifically in Descendants of Cain 『カインの末裔』(1917). Therein the hero Ni’yemon is portrayed as an unruly person who defies the organizational order of a community. He indulges in adultery, violence, and gambling. He finally has a duel with the owner of the Matsukawa Farm. The novel ends with Ni’yemon’s departure from the community because of his defeat. I argue that this conclusion of the novel does not deny Arishima’s idea of “instinct.” Ni’yemon’s violence should be viewed as rebellion against oppression by the capitalist class. I intend to examine how Ni’yemon’s instinct destroys the social order and, in the context of this conflict between a tenant and a farmer, what new possibilities his instinct might bring about..

有島武郎は、『惜みなく愛は奪ふ』(大正9年)で「本能」の可能性を説いている。この評論は有島の思想の集大成と評価されている。本発表では、有島の『カインの末裔』(大正6年)を通して、「本能」がどのように小説内で機能し、また具体的にどのような可能性をもたらすかを考察する。『カインの末裔』の主人公である仁右衛門は、共同体の秩序を無視する乱暴者として描かれている。彼は姦通や暴力、博打にふけり、最終的には松川農場のボスである農場主と対決することに至る。小説は、彼の失敗とともに仁右衛門が共同体から退場する形で結末を迎えるが、この結末から有島の「本能論」を否定してはいけない。その結末に至る道は完全に間違ったとは言い難い。仁右衛門の乱暴は資本家の圧迫に対する叛逆として捉えられる。小作人と農場主の対立構造の中で、彼の「本能」がどのように現存する秩序を破壊し、新たな可能性をもたらすかを検討したい。

4:00-4:45
Reo Kotani: “Who were Intellectuals Who Went into Exile from Modern Japan, and Why?”
近代日本における知識人の亡命状況

I intend to examine who among intellectuals went into exile in modern Japan. In the Meiji era (1868-1912) most of those who travelled abroad were dispatched by the imperial government for study or other purposes. It was virtually impossible for any Japanese citizens to exile themselves for the reasons of governmental surveillance and oppression. During the Taishō era (1912-1926), some Japanese citizens did leave Japan for the Soviet Union in order to avoid the oppression against socialists and communists. Most of these people were purged and killed. In the Shōwa era before 1945, it became extremely difficult for Japanese citizens to go into exile in Western countries because of the war. Accordingly, those intending to exile themselves chose non-Western countries such as China for their destination. An example was KAJI Wataru (1903-1982) who left for China in 1936. His exile there gave him an opportunity to interact with and receive influence from Chinese intellectuals such as Lu Xun (1881-1936) and Guo Moruo (1892-1978).

近代日本から亡命した知識人について検討する。明治期では、海外に出る人の大半は官費留学か、政府による洋行であった。一方で政府による監視や弾圧を乗り越えられず、亡命という選択肢は、ほぼ選ばれなかった。大正期では、社会主義者、共産主義者への弾圧を避けて、ソ連に亡命した人々がいた。しかし、多くはソ連で粛清され、悲惨な最期を遂げた。昭和期では、戦争により欧米圏への亡命が難しくなったことで、中国のような西欧諸国以外への亡命が発生した。これにより西欧諸国では持ち得なかった人的交流から影響を受けた鹿地亘 (KAJI Wataru) のような知識人がいた。近代日本では、わずかな人々が政府による激しい弾圧を乗り越えて亡命した。彼らは亡命先で不自由だったが、亡命した経験から、自身の思想に新たな展望を見いだせた例も存在した。

Sunday

1:00-1:45
Dr. Sachiko Kawai: Connecting Japan’s Past and Present: YouTube as a Tool for Japan Studies
日本の過去と今の接点を探して—YouTubeを通して日本史・地方文化を世界に発信する

When I was a student of premodern Japanese history, visiting historical sites tremendously helped me to understand how past events, ideas, and materials are interconnected with today’s Japan and Asia. It also inspired me to ask questions that led me to further investigation. My channel—Sachiko Exploring History—invites a broader audience to this experience by introducing Japanese places along with histories, cultures, food & drinks, businesses, religions, and beautiful landscapes.

In the fall of 2023, visitors to Japan reached pre-pandemic levels, and in 2024, the numbers even surpassed those of the pre-COVID era. Unfortunately, however, many of the visitors stopped with visiting just well-known cities and tourist spots, focusing on “Japan” today while missing local beauties and historical remains. I would like people to realize that modern Japan did not emerge from a vacuum. Through my videos I aim to make people—both Japanese and English speakers across different age groups—more interested in Japanese history. In addition to Japanese local products and cultures, I would like them to see the amazing intersections between past and present. I believe that such discoveries will lead them to embark on further investigations on their own.

During this event, I will focus on a few videos, but if you are interested, you can access the channel and watch anything you like from this link:

https://www.youtube.com/@sachikoexploringhistory

今回の発表では、YouTubeチャンネル、「Sachiko Exploring History(Sachikoの歴史探検!)」を紹介し、それを始めることになった誘因や目的、YouTube動画作成のやりがいと課題について説明する。(チャンネル:https://www.youtube.com/@sachikoexploringhistory)

今振り返ってみると、「Sachiko Exploring History」が生まれる契機は、私が院生の頃から芽生えていたと思う。文書に残されたアイデアやモノ、出来事や地名に関わる現場を訪れることが好きで、それを探し求めて、遥か昔にそれが存在した場所を訪れた。そうすることで、色々な人に会うことができ、思わぬ情報を得たり、新たな質問を見出したりできたことは、私の人生における貴重な財産と蓄積になったと信じている。「Sachiko Exploring History」は、そのような研究を進める過程で味わった素晴らしい体験をより多くの人々と---アカデミアという領域を超えて---共有するために、2023年の秋に立ち上げた。歴史・文化に関わる個々の場所、人々、地元の食生活、産物、宗教、素晴らしい景観など、幅広い要素をカバーすることを目指している。

ポストコロナの旅行ブームと円安も手伝ってか、現在、日本には世界から多くの観光客が訪れている。ただ、大半が東京・大阪・京都などの大都市中心の旅行に留まり、地方の歴史や文化を見逃している傾向がある。「Sachiko Exploring History」は、現代日本の様々な箇所には、その過去との接点があり、それを感じたり、発見したりすることの楽しさや驚きを国際レベルで伝えることを目的としている。また、それを伝えることを通して、言語や地理的情報、資史料などについても紹介することを目指している。このチャンネルの各動画が将来、日本やその歴史文化に対する幅広い層の興味関心増進をはかり、今度は視聴者が新たな質問の答えを探しに、自身の探検に赴いてくれることを心から願っている。

2:00-2:45
Dr. Lisa Kochinski: Post-Disaster Memorial Services: Focusing on Segaki in Late Medieval Zen Buddhism
災い後における供養:中世後禅宗の施餓鬼を中心に

As the numbers of victims from famine and war rose from the 14th to the 16th centuries, there was a concomitant need for pacification and memorial services. In particular, the Zen sect Segaki rite, which was based on Song-period texts, was performed both in the capital and in the provinces to memorialize the spirits of those who died in famine and war. This presentation will trace the process of the widespread development of Segaki through historical sources and dedication prayers found in Zen monastic regulations composed in Japan.

十四から十六世紀にかけて、飢饉・戦乱の犠牲者の数が増えるにつれて、鎮魂・供養の必要もありました。特に、宋代のテキストに基づく禅宗の施餓鬼会は、飢饉・戦没者の霊魂を供養するがために、京都でも地方でも営まれました。この発表は、史料と日本で編纂された禅宗の清規に見られる回向文を通じて、施餓鬼の広範な展開の過程を辿ります。

3:00-3:45
Sophie Calderon: The Relationship Between Language Ownership and Identity in Japan
日本における母国語の所有権とアイデンティティの関わり

The definitions of Japanese identity and Japanese language are often associated with one another, leading to a phenomenon we observe as “Japanese language = Japanese identity.” Japanese language author Ian Hideo Levy wrote about his experiences regarding the relationship between language, race, culture, and nationality, and how this connects to what he calls Japanese language ownership. In a recent essay, I argued that the idea of Japanese language ownership is connected to the relationship between Japanese language and identity. Specifically, I analyze the development of these ideas and their connection to the nationalistic rhetoric in Japan during World War II and the Japanese language education system. And although postwar changes influenced language education, my view is that the association between Japanese language and identity simply took different forms instead of disappearing. As Japan continued to globalize, the idea of multiculturalism contributed to the formation of stereotyped identities, ultimately undermining the goal of diversity. By using a contemporary Japanese commercial as an example, I analyze how these phenomena manifest both within the commercial and in controversial responses to the commercial. My perspective is that of a Japanese American non-native Japanese speaker who does not seem to fit the standard Japanese identity, and I consider my own relationship with the possibility of Japanese language ownership.  

「日本人」と「日本語」という言葉は日常で無意識に多く使われるが、それらは日本における「日本人」と「日本語」の基準を決定し、日本人の理想的なアイデンティティと言葉となる。その二つの言葉が深い関わりを持ち、現在にも「日本語=日本人」という記述が見られる。アメリカ生まれの小説家であるリービ英雄は、「言語=人種=文化=国籍」というイデオロギーを紹介し、「所有権を分ける」という言い方を使い、「日本語の所有権」に関わる自分の経験について述べている。本稿では、まず日本における母国語が日本人のアイデンティティの形成にどういう役割を果たしてきたのかについて注目し、その形成に密接に関わってきた日本ナショナリズムと日本語教育、及び、アイデンティティの問題を扱った現在のCM を例として日本語の所有権という現象について考えていく。特に、日本人のアイデンティティ及びステレオタイプにより、リービ英雄のような日本民族に属さない日本語話者、及び、著者のような日本語が母語でない日系人が日本語の所有権を持つ権利があるのかについて考えていくのが本稿の目的となる。そして、「日本語=日本人」という概念は絶対的事実でないゆえ、だれが日本人の枠組みに属すか、だれが日本語の所有権を持つ権利があるのかを再考することを願うものである。

4:00-4:45
Elinor Lindeman: Nyoirin Kannon as the Savior of Women in Heian-Kamakura Japan
如意輪観音:平安鎌倉時代女性の救済者

This presentation will explore the development of the cult of Nyoirin Kannon in Japan, and its transition from imperial protector to savior of women. I will begin by introducing Nyoirin and her importance to the imperial family, including her centrality in fertility rites for the production of heirs. As the Heian and Kamakura periods progressed, noble women increasingly relied on Nyoirin Kannon for a variety of woman-centric concerns. Key to this shift is the Nyoirin cultic center, Ishiyamadera. I will demonstrate that Ishiyamadera monks actively encouraged the connection between Nyoirin Kannon and women by reproducing certain narratives of women’s visits to the temple. Lastly, I will take a brief look forward to Nyoirin's importance in the Blood Bowl Sutra cult of the Muromachi period and beyond.

この発表においては、日本における如意輪観音信仰の展開を追求します。特に、皇室における守護者如意輪観音としての役割から女性全般の救済者たる同観音へ、との変化を紹介します。皇室においては後継者確保のための重要な儀式における如意輪観音の役割が、平安から鎌倉時代への推移に連れて、貴族の女性たちが自らの悩みを解決するため、同観音に帰依するようになりました。この傾向は滋賀県の石山寺によって助長されました。石山寺の僧たちは縁起や物語文学によって如意輪観音と女性を強く結びつけ、女性たちの寺への更なる参詣を促したのです。最後に、室町時代からみられる血盆経信仰における如意輪観音の役割について少し考察を加えます。

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Kawai: YouTube as a Tool for Japanese History: Challenges, Strategies, and Discoveries
Jun
7
4:00 PM16:00

Kawai: YouTube as a Tool for Japanese History: Challenges, Strategies, and Discoveries

YouTube as a Tool for Japanese History: Challenges, Strategies, and Discoveries

When I was a student of premodern Japanese history, visiting historical sites tremendously helped me to understand how past events, ideas, and materials were interconnected with today’s Japan and Asia. It also inspired me to ask questions that led me to further investigation. My channel—Sachiko Exploring History—invites a broader audience to this delightful experience and exercise, by introducing Japanese places along with intriguing histories, cultures, food & drinks, businesses, religions, and beautiful landscapes.

In the fall of 2023, visitors to Japan reached pre-pandemic levels, and in 2024, the numbers even surpass those of the pre-COVID era. But how many of the visitors stopped with visiting just well-known cities and tourist spots, focusing on “Japan” today, while missing local beauties and historical remains? I would like people to realize that modern Japan did not emerge from a vacuum. Through my videos, I aim to make people—both Japanese and English speakers across different age groups—more interested in Japanese history. In addition to Japanese local products and cultures, I would like them to see the amazing intersections between past and present. I believe that such discoveries would lead them to do further investigations on their own.

During this event, we are planning to focus on a few videos, but if you are interested, you can access the channel and watch anything here.

Videos We Will Watch

Ōzu Castle: A Perfectly Restored Samurai Fortress

I visited the Ōzu Castle in Shikoku and learned how this lesser-known castle was a crucial part of Japan’s long history. This video also invites you to see interesting trends since the early medieval period, such as the migration of warriors and movement of castles across the archipelago. Let’s explore the Ōzu castle towers, which have survived from the Edo period, and enter a keep that has been restored very closely to its original form!

How Sake Is Made: Sake Varieties, Flavors, and Breweries in Aizu-wakamatsu

We will watch part of this video to discuss the following:
1) What is YouTube’s 30-second rule?
2) The thumb nail matters, but how and why?
3) What are the challenges of planning a trip for video-making?

Why Is the Izumo Grand Shrine Unique? Izumo Taisha’s Secrets

This is a video that I expected to do well, but it ended up being one of my least popular ones. I would like to discuss why that happened.

Event Registration

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Warren: Partying with the Monks, Medieval Temple Food Culture in the Tōji Archive
Apr
10
4:00 PM16:00

Warren: Partying with the Monks, Medieval Temple Food Culture in the Tōji Archive

Location: SOS 250

The year is 1486.

Kyoto is reeling from a civil war that has torn the city apart, and the great monastic institutions are determining how they will work together in the new political landscape. In order to celebrate a recent success with the struggling shogunal authorities, the monks of Tōji, a major temple, decide to hold a banquet to fete their allies, ordering edible gifts and fare to demonstrate gratitude. The documentary traces left by this banquet in Tōji’s archive provide a valuable glimpse of medieval temple food culture and the strength of Kyoto’s marketplace.

This talk draws on documents from the Tōji Hyakugō Monjo collection to show how we can better understand medieval food culture through unexpected source collections.

Emily Warren is a postdoctoral fellow studying the history of banquet culture in premodern Japan. She recently finished a term at the Kyoto Institute, Library and Archives, where she worked with medieval temple documents to investigate the intersection of monastic life with medieval marketplaces.

Contact Here

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2023 USC-Meiji Research Exchange Day 2
Oct
22
11:00 AM11:00

2023 USC-Meiji Research Exchange Day 2

Graduate Student & Faculty Research Exchange in Premodern Japan Studies
Flier

Location: USC History Department, SOS 250

Presented by The USC Project for Premodern Japan Studies in Japanese & English, with bilingual notes and comments
For details, contact Prof. Joan Piggott, History Department

11:00 Professor Ken’ichi Sasaki: “The Kofun in World Historical Context”

12:00 Satodate Shōdai: “Population Registers in the Ritsuryō Polity” (Ritsuryōsei kokka to koseki seido)

12:45 Lunch, Highlights of Prof. Piggott and Prof. Sasaki’s Archaeological Adventures this Summer

2:30 Prof. Michelle Damian: “Memories of Whales: Commemorating Whales and Whaling in the Early Modern Period”

3:15 Katherine Lam: “Kamakura Justice from the Perspective of Evidence in Dispute Resolution”

4:15 Dr. Emily Warren: “A History of Food in Classical Japan Through Banquets”

Discussion & Responses

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Oct
21
to Oct 28

Archaeological Research Recap

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PPJS Director Joan Piggott joined Professor Ken'ichi Sasaki and his graduate students from Meiji University to visit archaeological sites in Gunma, Nara, and Osaka in June, 2023.

They will report on their travels at the USC-Meiji Research Exchange in Premodern Japan Studies at the annual meeting in late October.

Their conversation will confirm: "A picture may be worth a thousand words but going there is even better!"

Prof. Piggott Visiting Shōseien in Kyoto, Summer 2023.


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2023 USC-Meiji Research Exchange Day 1
Oct
21
11:00 AM11:00

2023 USC-Meiji Research Exchange Day 1

Graduate Student & Faculty Research Exchange in Premodern Japan Studies
Flier

Location: History Department, SOS 250

Presented by The USC Project for Premodern Japan Studies in Japanese & English, w/ bilingual notes, comments

For details, contact Prof. Joan Piggott, History Department

11:00 Introductions

11:30 Dr. Jesse Drain: “Mapping Networks of Sacred Space in the Itsukushima Shrine Origin Narrative of the Shōbōrinzō

12:15 Campus Stroll

2:15 Ōkuma Hisataka: “Temporal Change in Comb Culture and Hair Styles in Ancient Japan"

3:00 Elinor Lindeman: “Buddhist Teachings Left by Princess-priestesses”

3:45 Lina Nie: “Going Offshore: Maritime Exchanges of East Asia, from the 11th Century to Early Modern Times”

Discussions & Responses

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Emily Warren: Defense and Dissertation Submission
Sep
1
4:00 PM16:00

Emily Warren: Defense and Dissertation Submission

Prof. Piggott, Dr. Warren, and Prof. Birge celebrate after the defense.

Emily Warren successfully defended her dissertation, “The Heian Origins of Japan’s High Cuisine, 794-1185,” and submitted the manuscript to the University of Southern California.

Emily will be heading off to Japan for postdoctoral research at the Kyoto Institute, Library and Archives.

Congratulations, Emily!

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Morten Oxenboell: Bandits and Woodsmen: Exploring Subaltern Governance in Early Medieval Japan
May
5
4:00 PM16:00

Morten Oxenboell: Bandits and Woodsmen: Exploring Subaltern Governance in Early Medieval Japan

The voices of medieval Japanese peasants, fishermen, woodsmen and other provincial residents are only rarely encountered in early medieval Japanese sources since the daily management of the countryside rarely was of much concern for central powers. However, their silence belies their activism and organizational developments, and local communities were often left to develop autonomous institutions to manage their own safety and prosperity. Through wars and peace, rural communities thus had to operate within changing judiciary and political landscapes, often without effective protection by the state and centralized law, yet the general absence of centrally appointed law enforcement agents did not result in rampant violence or lawless chaos. In this workshop, we will discuss how bandit narratives can help us tease out some of the hidden voices of the rural population and ‘reconstruct’ village governance systems and local judiciary processes.

Location: Zoom. RSVP required.

RSVP Here

Poster Link

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Genji's Town: the Archaeology of Tenth-century Kyoto
Apr
6
4:00 PM16:00

Genji's Town: the Archaeology of Tenth-century Kyoto

An event entitled "Genji's Town: the Archaeology of Tenth-century Kyoto" is scheduled for Thursday April 6, 4:00-5:30 PM PST.

We will meet in hybrid fashion, with some of us on campus and others remote on Zoom. Japan archaeologist Akira Yamanaka and historian Shimizu Miki will discuss what we can know about Genji's Kyoto. Their talks will be in Japanese, but we will provide translations.

Register Here.

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Research & Lunch Meeting
Mar
27
12:00 PM12:00

Research & Lunch Meeting

The Project for Premodern Japan Studies is hosting a lunch in the East Asian Library Seminar Room. Lunch will be served at noon.

From 1:00 graduate students and postdocs will give short talks on their current research. This event will give us all an opportunity to catch up in person! We hope to see you there.

Lina Nie: Being Transnational: Maritime Exchanges of East Asia from the Eleventh to Fifteenth Centuries

Jesse Lee Drian: Mapping The Tales of the Heike: Reflections on Digital Humanities for Researching and Teaching Premodern Japan

Emily Warren: Heian Cuisine and the Appointment Banquet

Lisa Kochinski: Saving the Myriad Spirits: The Development and Diversification of the Segaki Ghost-feeding Ritual in Medieval Japan

RSVP here.

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Dr. David Eason: Litigants and the Law, a Case Study from the Kamakura Period
Mar
23
5:00 PM17:00

Dr. David Eason: Litigants and the Law, a Case Study from the Kamakura Period

Dr. David Eason from Osaka University of Foreign Languages will present two lectures on later medieval and early modern Japanese law this spring. His first presentation, on 3/23 at 5 PM is entitled, "Litigants and the Law, a Case Study from the Kamakura Period."

Location: TTH 205

The second lecture will be hybrid on 4/11 (THH205, Zoom) at 5 PM. It will focus on Sengoku law, which is Dr. Eason's specialty.

RSVP Here.

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Resource Announcement: Shiryō sanshū
Mar
11
2:00 PM14:00

Resource Announcement: Shiryō sanshū

Doheny East Asian Library has announced that the documentary series Shiryo sanshu has been purchased and is now active in JapanKnowledge. This database is growing by leaps and bounds, with critically important additions such as Heian ibun. And for researchers wanting to use Chinese classical texts with annotation in Japanese, Shinshaku Kambun Taikei is also available now through JapanKnowledge. All these research tools are wonderful additions to our Doheny collection, which added significant new databases for Chinese-language sources last year.

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Christopher Bovbjerg: Kamakura Law
Feb
28
5:00 PM17:00

Christopher Bovbjerg: Kamakura Law

Dr. Christopher Bovbjerg from UC Santa Barbara will be giving a lecture on Kamakura law, focusing on the 1232 Formulary and supplementary laws (tsuikaho) of the shogunate. Bovbjerg wrote his dissertation at UC Berkeley (History) on Kamakura shogunal law. He has also participated in our Kambun Workshops at USC and has been a member of our Kamakura Law translating and glossary group at the University of Tokyo Historiographical Institute.

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Sachiko Kawai: Uncertain Powers, a Book Talk
Sep
9
3:00 PM15:00

Sachiko Kawai: Uncertain Powers, a Book Talk

Location: SOS 250

In this book talk, Dr. Kawai will discuss her research process and publication journey for her first book, Uncertain Powers. She will address the transition from dissertation to book manuscript, work process, and providing advice from her own experience.

About the Book
Uncertain Powers
is an original and much-needed analysis of female leadership in medieval Japan. In challenging current scholarship by exploring the important political and economic roles of twelfth- and thirteenth-century Japanese royal women, Sachiko Kawai questions the traditional view of the era as one dominated by male retired monarchs and a warrior government. Instead the author populates it with royal wives and daughters who held the title of premier royal lady (nyoin) and owned extensive estates across the Japanese archipelago. Nyoin, whose power varied according to marital status, networks, and age, used their wealth and human networks to build temples and organize their entourages as salons to assert religious, cultural, and political influence. Confronted with social factors and gender disparities, they were motivated to develop coping strategies, the workings of which Kawai masterfully teases out from the abundant primary sources.

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Sachiko Kawai: Communicate Widely Workshop
Sep
8
5:15 PM17:15

Sachiko Kawai: Communicate Widely Workshop

Communicate Widely and Seek New Research Seeds: Jinbunchi Communicator Roles and Rekihaku Databases

Sachiko Kawai
Location: Zoom Meeting; Contact for meeting information

It is challenging to communicate widely about highly specialized research, especially something foreign to your targeted audience. In this workshop, we will discuss how to effectively communicate specialized research across disciplines.

I will draw on my experience in pursuing this challenging task as a jinbunchi communicator (人文知コミュニケーター) at the National Museum of Japanese History (Rekihaku) and the National Institutes for the Humanities. First, I will introduce what is a jinbunchi communicator. Who created this position and how did it develop? What are these specific roles expected of jinbunchi communicators? What kinds of joys and challenges that did I encounter while carrying out such roles?

As part of my experience, I will also discuss my own research. Additionally, I will share useful information for future Japan studies, such as ongoing database projects at Rekihaku, tools, and their plans. Specifically, I will introduce the Digital Engi shiki (デジタル延喜式) and the Japanese Medieval Documents WEB (日本の中世文書WEB). These are tremendously valuable tools for specialists in premodern Japanese history, but I believe that they are great for teaching at college and have the potential to encourage non-specialists to get interested in the field.

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Kambun Workshop 2022: Denryaku
Jul
11
to Aug 5

Kambun Workshop 2022: Denryaku

Instructor: Joan Piggott

Schedule: July 11 to August 5, 2022

The Kambun Workshop 2022 will focus on the journal of Fujiwara no Tadazane (1078-1162), Denryaku. Fujiwara no Tadazane was a late Heian courtier who served in the highest positions in government during his extensive career. In the early twelfth century, at the age of twenty-four, Tadazane became the head of the powerful Northern Fujiwara. But during his tenure, the Northern Fujiwara split into fighting factions that were not only building alliances within the family, but also with members of the royal family. Tadazane became involved in a violent succession dispute, the Hōgen Disturbance, and escaped with his life. Through his journal, scholars can better understand the conflicts of the tumultuous twelfth century as well as daily life at court. Working in teams, workshop participants will translate journal entries from Kambun into Classical Japanese and English.

Meetings will run Monday through Thursday, 11 AM-2 PM PST. Friday meetings will be dedicated to consultation meetings with Professor Onoe of the University of Tokyo Historiographical Institute. This year’s workshop will be held through Zoom. The USC Project for Premodern Japan Studies will be fully funding the workshop.

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Kambun Workshop 2022: Introduction to Kambun
Jun
20
to Jul 1

Kambun Workshop 2022: Introduction to Kambun

Instructor: Sachiko Kawai

Schedule: June 20 - July 1, 2:00-4:00 (PDT)

Dr. Sachiko Kawai of the National Museum of Japanese History will be leading a summer course, Introduction to Kambun. Through this course, students will learn the fundamentals of Kambun grammar and translation, as well as practice with different sources. Students will also learn about reference materials and textbooks that can help them translate premodern sources effectively into English. These sessions will help prepare students new to Kambun for participation in the Denryaku Kambun workshop.

The course will be held online through Zoom.

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PPJS Recap: News from the Association for Asian Studies National Meeting Spring 2022
Apr
19
9:30 PM21:30

PPJS Recap: News from the Association for Asian Studies National Meeting Spring 2022


News from the Association for Asian Studies National Meeting Spring 2022


PhDs and current graduate students of the USC History Department were active at the recent national meeting of the Association for Asian Studies in Honolulu (3/24-3/27). There were four panels on which our graduates and students participated, and one more presented an independent research paper. 

Dr. Jillian Barndt, PhD 2021, Cressant Foundation Postdoctoral Research and Teaching Fellow, History Department  USC  

Panel: Re-Centering Men of Letters in Heian and Edo Japan

Barndt’s paper: "Dedicated to Confucius: Fujiwara no Yorinaga and the Ceremony for Confucius"

Dr. Sachiko Kawai, PhD 2015, Assistant Professor, History, National Museum of Japanese History, Sakura Japan

Dr. Nadia Kanagawa, PhD 2021, Assistant Professor, Asian Studies, Fuhrman University

Panel: Chrysanthemum with Nine Lives, Longevity and Diversity in the Japanese Imperial Institution

Kawai’s paper: “Persistence and Resilience: The Nyoin Institution and Female Contributions to the Continuation of Monarchical Power in Early Medieval Japan”

Kanagawa’s paper: “Negotiating Names: A 757 CE Policy Change for Foreign Subjects in Koken’s Court”  

Emily Warren, ABD (PhD expected 2023)

Panel:  From Kôji to Caramel, Rethinking Japanese History Through Sweetness

Warren’s paper: “Confecting Sweet Hierarchies: Kashi in Medieval Japanese Banquet Culture”

Dr. Michelle Damian, PhD  2015,  Assistant Visiting Professor, Pacific University

Panel:  Mountains and Seas of Medieval Japan: Commoner Self-Governance and Network Formation in the Peripheries

Damian’s paper: “Administering Maritime Trade at Medieval Ports: The Role of the Warehouse Manager” 

Dr. Kristina Buhrman, PhD  2012, Assistant Professor, Florida State University

Research Paper: “Safe as Houses: The Self, Body, and Residence in Classical and Early Medieval Japan” 

Paper Details

Jillian Barndt,  PhD 2021,  Cressant Foundation Postdoctoral Research and Teaching Fellow, History Department  USC  

Panel: Re-Centering Men of Letters in Heian and Edo Japan

Scholars, intellectuals, literati—at either end of Japan’s premodern history we find intelligentsia whose role was defined by the ability to write. In modern scholarship these men have been lumped together as “intellectuals” because, while their status ranged from marginal to powerful, they used writing to accrue socio-cultural capital, for reasons that were political and personal, aesthetic and intellectual. Members of this panel argue, however, that there are problems with the transhistorical category of “intellectual” (bunjin). Our four papers — two on premodern Japan and two on the early modern period—explore the role of intellectuals in different times and places over a millennium of Japanese history. We investigate aspects of intellectual identities and practices that have contributed to the marginalization of men of letters in Japan’s cultural history, a situation we want to change.

Barndt’s paper, "Dedicated to Confucius: Fujiwara no Yorinaga and the Ceremony for Confucius"

On the tenth day of the eighth month of 1153 the courtier and scholar Fujiwara no Yorinaga (1120-1156) revived the Ceremony for Confucius after several decades of decline. Although the ceremony had survived as a private event performed by eminent scholars such as Ōe no Masafusa (1041-1111), the decline of the Ceremony reflected the deterioration of the official university that had gave it birth and relevance for elite education. As the monarch’s regent, the leading court minister, and a prominent scholar of classical Chinese texts, Yorinaga revived the official ceremony. While many remember him as the rebel who died in a failed coup attempt in 1156, Yorinaga’s court leadership actually reflected his education and self-identification as a scholar and man of letters. His objectives included promoting a return to study of fundamental Confucian classics as a means of reforming what he saw as the corrupted court government of his day. In this paper I explore the Heian Ceremony for Confucius, the reasons Yorinaga wanted it reinstated, and how this intervention should be seen as an important moment in Japan’s cultural history.


Dr. Sachiko Kawai, PhD  2015, Assistant Professor, History, National Museum of Japanese History

Dr. Nadia Kanagawa, PhD 2021, Assistant Professor, History and East Asian Studies, Fuhrman University

Panel: Chrysanthemum with Nine Lives, Longevity and Diversity in the Japanese Imperial Institution
In Japanese popular discourse, the imperial institution is often held up as a symbol of continuity and an argument for the importance of maintaining “tradition.” That the Japanese monarchy has managed to survive over 1500 years in the face of constant and ever-changing existential threats is undeniably remarkable. But what made this longevity possible? Through four case studies ranging from the seventh to the twenty-first century, this panel will focus attention on the contingent and flexible responses to changing conditions that have shaped the Japanese monarchy. Taken together, our papers show that it was precisely because rulers and their associates have been willing to redefine the institution that they have been able to cope with change and maintain their relevance. Nadia Kanagawa considers the role a new policy on names and titles for immigrants in the late Nara period (710-784) played in maintaining rulers’ legitimacy. Sachiko Kawai examines the creation of the nyoin title (the female equivalent of a retired sovereign) in the Heian and Kamakura periods (794-1185), arguing that it was key to royal women’s ability to protect royal power from the rising military class and other threats. Lee Butler focuses on Tokugawa-period (1603-1867) royal villas and their role in securing the court’s position as arbiter of aesthetic sophistication and high culture. Hirokazu Yoshie analyzes political campaigns for restoring the prewar Imperial Rescript on Education in the postwar Showa period (1926-1989), and conservatives’ efforts to reconcile their nostalgia for the prewar sovereign with postwar democracy.

Emily Warren,  ABD   (PhD expected 2023)

Panel:  From Kôji to Caramel, Rethinking Japanese History Through Sweetness

This panel examines the history of Japanese sweets from premodern to modern times by asking, how have different groups used sweets to further political, economic, and cultural goals? Eric Rath draws on premodern culinary texts to examine kōji, Japan's "national mold,” which enabled cooks to create sweetness prior to the introduction of sugar and to brew sake and make pickles. Premodern food culture included a wide array of sweets, as Emily Warren explores in her paper on how medieval noble families used procurement of sweet fruits, nuts, and confections to reinforce political power. Lillian Tsay's paper on the production of sweets in imperial Japan demonstrates the tensions between sweetness and power through Japanese confectionary corporations in colonial Taiwan, showing the significance of the confectionary industry in understanding the colony-metropole relationship. Finally, Tatsuya Mitsuda explores how twentieth-century debates over childhood snacking between experts, companies, and families ultimately conflated motherly affection with homemade confections. By expanding the temporal and geographical range of analysis, this panel analyzes the far-reaching effects of sweetness on Japanese food cultures.

Warren’s paper: “Confecting Sweet Hierarchies: Kashi in Medieval Japanese Banquet Culture”
Sweets (kashi) were a customary feature of banquets at the early medieval court, but certain sweets were not available to everyone because menus were arranged to reflect rank and position. When one sat down at a banquet, servers presented guests with sweets carefully determined based on one’s status. This paper explores how the procurement and preparation of different kinds of sweets were used in banquet and ritual settings to reinforce the hierarchies that ordered courtiers during the Heian and Kamakura periods (794-1333).


Dr. Michelle Damian , PhD 2015,  Assistant Professor, Department of History, University of Wisconsin, Whitewater  

Panel:  Mountains and Seas of Medieval Japan, Commoner Self-Governance and Network Formation in the Peripheries

This panel explores the agency of commoners in maritime and alpine societies of medieval Japan (c.1100-1600) to establish institutions of self-governance and economic networks. They embraced political configurations and connectivity that offered alternatives to and functioned in dialogue with geographical and political models for mountains and seas emanating from the archipelagic core. To expose the malleability and limits of provincial, estate, and military-governor territoriality in elite writing, where nonagricultural spaces appear as the alien habitats of bandits and pirates, we explore   alternative visions that made mountains and seas into bridges to the abodes of gods and demons. We also offer thoughts on the application of James C. Scott’s Zomia-type nonstate-society model to the medieval Japanese context by considering ways that alpine and maritime commoners exploited the difficulties of Japan’s cores to, in Scott’s words, “enclose” their geographies, even as denizens of the periphery fed demand for particular resources from the political center. Morten Oxenboell examines how upland forestry communites during the thirteenth century negotiated conflicts locally, establishing judicial bodies and other aspects of self-governance independent from estate proprietors. Michelle Damian traces how fifteenth-century port administrators went from serving as intermediaries between land and sea communities to functioning as key links in maritime trade networks. Peter Shapinsky explores how Tsushima-based seafarers in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries institutionalized human trafficking in maritime borderlands by exploiting overlapping Korean and Japanese jurisdictions as well as through raiding, trading, and military service. Suzanne Gay, an expert on medieval Japan's economic history, offers comments.

Damian’s paper, “Administering Maritime Trade at Medieval Ports: The Role of theWarehouse Manager” 

Studies of medieval trade in Japan often focus on the center-periphery relationship, exploring the types of commodities produced in the hinterlands that were then shipped to urban centers such as Kyoto. The mechanics of that process, however, are less well understood. Much of medieval trade was conducted via maritime routes, and port towns along coasts formed critical links in that endeavor. The toi or toimaru (sometimes translated as “warehouse managers”) were key figures in facilitating such trade, and they occupied a unique position as liaisons between seafaring and land-based communities. They simultaneously needed to welcome outsiders who brought key commodities, while also considering how best to control outside influences that might threaten their own status. In the early medieval period toi were largely functionaries responsible for collecting rents and dues for estate proprietors, but by the late fifteenth century they had become influential in their own right, taking more direct charge of trade activities conducted at ports. This paper will describe their roles, examining their function not just as facilitators of commercial activity but also as general overseers in the ports. I argue that toi/toimaru were often organized groups with specialized spheres of influence both within their local port areas and in wider commercial endeavors. The gradually increasing specialization of the toimaru likely set the groundwork for the shipping guilds that dominated maritime trade in the early modern era. 


Dr. Kristina Buhrman, PhD  2012,  Assistant Professor, Department of Religion, Florida State University

Independent Paper: “Safe as Houses: The Self, Body, and Residence in Classical and Early Medieval Japan” 
This paper uses the concepts of house societies and the extended self to analyze ritual prohibitions and pollution in the Heian and Kamakura periods (9th–13th centuries). Elite members of court society followed several prohibitions and taboos, including those involved in ritual pollution. In rules concerning ritual pollution (kegare), individuals could become polluted even without direct contact with the originating source of the pollution: if the individual’s residence became polluted, the individual would also become polluted, even without their entering the residence. This was one of a number of ways in which an individual’s body was tied to the place of residence, and how what affected the residence affected the body. This physically extended self opens a window for a new understanding of the complicated structure of Japanese urban court society in the classical and early medieval periods. Alongside extended uji lineage structures and traces of the nascent family house (ie) system, there was a residence-based house system, analysis of which clarifies aspects of kin relationships in the early medieval period. 


Other news:

Dr. Daniel Sherer, PhD 2017,  Assistant Professor, Department of Asian Studies,
Hebrew University, Jerusalem 

Sherer recently presented a lecture entitled, “Defending the Lotus, Offending the Lotus: The Rise and Fall of Nichrenist Military Power, 1532-1536,“ at an international comparative history workshop focused on Holy War in Medieval Europe and Japan. It was held at USC on 3/22/22. The event, which included scholars of both medieval Japan and Europe, was jointly organized by the Project for Premodern Japan Studies and the Center for the Premodern World at USC. 



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Holy War— War & Religion in Medieval Europe and Japan, a Symposium
Mar
22
10:00 AM10:00

Holy War— War & Religion in Medieval Europe and Japan, a Symposium

Tuesday, March 22

10:00am - 12:30pm & 2pm - 4:30pm

in person | Social Sciences Building SOS 250| RSVP at cpw@usc.edu

on-line | Please register HERE

The Center for the Premodern World and the Project for Premodern Japan Studies are delighted to welcome to campus Professor Philippe Buc of Leiden University to discuss his latest research — a comparative analysis of the cultures of religion and violence in premodern Europe and Japan. Professor Buc is well known for his work on topics as varied as biblical exegesis, the history of anthropological thought, and the cultures of religious violence in the West, from Antiquity to the present. Building on the last project, he is seeking to draw together two cultures, premodern Europe and Japan, to see what each can reveal about the other. Our one-day symposium will consider his recent work and draw into the conversation Thomas Conlan, Professor of East Asian Studies at Princeton University and Dan Sherer, Professor of East Asian Studies at Hebrew University (both of whom will be participating remotely), as well as Joan Piggot, Gordon L. MacDonald Chair in History and Professor of History and East Asian Languages and Cultures at USC-Dornsife.

Presenters & Discussants:

Professors Dan Sherer, Tom Conlan, Philippe Buc

Organizer: Professor Joan Piggott

10:00 AM Introductions, Prof. Joan Piggott, USC

10:10 AM Prof. Philippe Buc, University of Vienna

Why this project? Beginning the discussion

11:00 AM Prof. Dan Sherer, Hebrew University

“Defending the Lotus, Offending the Lotus: Rise and Fall

of Nichirenist Military Power 1532-1536”

12:00 PM General Discussion

2:00 PM Prof. Tom Conlan, Princeton University

Comments & Questions

3:00 PM Prof. Philippe Buc, Response

3:30 PM General Discussion

For further information, contact

Prof. Joan Piggott, USC History Department &

The Project for Premodern Japan Studies at USC

Center for the Premodern World, USC

*Please RSVP by the EOD Friday, March 18 at cpw@usc.edu to attend in-person and to reserve a lunch box

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Mapping Medieval Japan Workshop
Feb
11
to Feb 12

Mapping Medieval Japan Workshop

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Mapping Medieval Japan

Feb 11 (10:45AM-6:30PM) & Feb 12 (12:45PM-6:15PM) | Zoom Meeting

Register to receive a Zoom meeting link closer to the event | Abstracts/bios

Maps have long been a crucial element in historical studies: they not only help us to determine locations but also to analyze connections and conflict among people, and help us to understand how people interacted in physical space that often influenced, even dictated, their interactions. Maps help us to understand the changing layouts of cities over time, the ways in which people cooperated or fought over resource use, or patterns of trade and transport on both land and sea. Recent advances in mapmaking—3-dimensional mapping and the use of GIS data, for example—have helped us to locate and to visualize some of these processes and interactions.

In this two-day seminar on maps and mapmaking, participants will pay special attention to the use of maps in pre-modern Japanese history, and will have the opportunity to learn to make their own maps using computer-based mapmaking tools in a hands-on workshop.

Schedule:

All times are in Pacific Standard Time (PST)

Friday, February 11

10:45 AM Opening Remarks by Jan Goodwin (USC) and Rebecca Corbett (USC)

11:00 AM "The Sacred (and Economic) Geography of Medieval Kii"

Philip Garrett (Newcastle University)

11:45 AM Q&A

12:00 PM Lunch Break

1:00 PM Mapping Workshop by Andy Rutkowski (USC) with presentation by Matthew Stavros (University of Sydney)

5:00 PM Workshop end/ break

5:15 PM- “Use of Maps for Archaeological Investigations in Japan”

Ken'ichi Sasaki (Meiji University)

6:00 PM Q&A

6:15 PM Discussion/Closing

Saturday, February 12

12:45 PM Opening Remarks

1:00 PM "Presenting Premodern Japan to a Wider Public: Using Storymaps to Illustrate Medieval Stories"

Michelle Damian

1:45 PM Q&A

2:00 PM “Mapping Human Trafficking in the Tsushima Borderlands in the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries.”

Peter D. Shapinsky (University of Illinois, Springfield)

2:45 PM Q&A

3:00 PM Break

4:00 PM “The ABCs of Medieval Kyoto’s Urban Plan: Axes, Boundaries, and Cosmograms”

Matthew Stavros (University of Sydney)

4:45 PM Q&A

5:00 PM "Map Your Data with Japanese Historical Gazetteer: Dataset and Tools"

Gotō Makoto & Kameda Akihiro (Rekikhaku)

5:45 PM Q&A

6:00 PM Roundup

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Nov
7
9:00 AM09:00

William W. Farris: Japan’s Medieval Population Reconsidered

William Wayne Farris, Presenter

“Japan’s Medieval Population Reconsidered”

This talk concerns evidence for outbreaks of pneumonic plague in Japan during 862-923 and 1228-

1408.  The presentation includes scientific, historical, and archaeological perspectives; and since the

plague seems to have come from abroad, there is much discussion about overseas contacts during

these two eras.

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Dan Sherer: An Amenable Arrangement, the Unification of the Nichiren Sect in Sixteenth-Century Kyoto
Aug
19
4:00 PM16:00

Dan Sherer: An Amenable Arrangement, the Unification of the Nichiren Sect in Sixteenth-Century Kyoto

An Amenable Arrangement, the Unification of the Nichiren Sect in Sixteenth-Century Kyoto

In this talk, I argue that the Nichiren sect in Kyoto was able to recover from its near destruction in 1536 and maintain its position in the capital through the violent sixteenth century by unifying its disparate and contentious lineages under a new governing body, the Council of Head Temples. Unknown until the discovery of its documents in 1982, the Council allowed the sect, as a unit, to negotiate with warrior power. The council was the culmination of pro-unity forces in the sect, especially those who succeeded in convincing the two sides to stop fighting each other over the sect’s greatest doctrinal dispute. Previous scholarship has treated the Nichiren sect in the late sixteenth century as being at the mercy of powerful warriors. I show that the monks of the Nichiren sect were able to muster considerable resources and not only negotiate better treatment from the warriors but even drive warrior policy. I will also discuss briefly the process of getting this research published.

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